Surveying is an engineering and technical field that focuses on measuring and determining locations and dimensions on the Earth’s surface. This specialization includes applying various techniques and tools to collect and analyze geographic and geodetic data for use in planning, construction, urban development, and land management. Here’s a comprehensive look at the main aspects of the surveying major:

• Basic principles of surveying:
  Study of the theoretical and practical principles of geodetic and topographical surveying.
• Understand the laws and regulations related to surveying and land management.
• Techniques and tools:
  Use traditional tools such as theodolite, rulers, and metric tape.
• Applying modern technologies such as Global Positioning System (GPS), laser scanning, and aerial photography.
• Geodetic survey:
  Study of measuring and identifying large and extended sites on the Earth’s surface.
• Using geodetic tools to measure dimensions and distances with high accuracy.
• Topographic survey:
  Drawing topographic maps to determine details of the Earth’s surface such as elevations and slopes.
• Analyze topographic data for use in planning and construction.
• Geographic Information Systems (GIS):
  Use GIS to collect, analyze, and display geographic data.
• Application of geographic information systems in natural resources management and urban planning.
• Real estate survey:
  Determine and document property and land boundaries.
• Understanding the legal procedures for land administration and documenting real estate rights.
• Engineering survey:
  Application of surveying techniques in construction and civil engineering projects.
• Measuring and determining locations for construction and infrastructure purposes such as roads, bridges and buildings.
• Aerial photography and remote sensing:
  Using airplanes and drones to take aerial photos and collect data.
• Analyze aerial photographs and remotely sensed data for use in mapping and planning.
• Digital Modeling:
  Create digital terrain models using data collected from the survey.
• Applying digital models in the analysis and design of engineering projects.
• Safety and professional standards:
  Understand occupational safety standards related to surveying.
• Adherence to professional regulations and standards to ensure accuracy and quality.
• Software and applications:
  Using specialized software to analyze and process cadastral data.
• Learn to use programs such as AutoCAD, ArcGIS, and Civil 3D.
• Surveying projects management:
  Planning and implementing survey projects from start to finish.
• Manage teams and resources to ensure projects are completed on time and within budget.
• Research and development:
  Participate in research and development to improve surveying techniques and tools.
• Publishing research and participating in conferences to share innovations and results.

The Surveying major provides broad opportunities to work in multiple fields such as civil engineering companies, construction companies, government agencies, and urban planning offices. This specialization contributes to improving the accuracy of geographical and geodetic data, which contributes to the development of infrastructure and effective and sustainable land management.