Marine Science is an interdisciplinary scientific field that focuses on the study of oceans and seas, including marine ecosystems, marine life, physical and chemical processes in the sea, and the interaction between humans and the marine environment. This major combines the fields of marine biology, oceanography, marine geology, and marine chemistry to understand the marine environment and improve its management and protection.

Fields of study in marine sciences:
Marine Biology:

• Marine organisms: the study of ocean biodiversity, including marine plants and animals.
• Marine ecosystems: understanding the ecological relationships between marine organisms and their environments.

Physical Oceanography:

• Marine currents: the study of the movement of water in the oceans and its impact on climate and ecosystems.
• Waves and Tides: Analyze the impact of waves and tides on the coast and marine ecosystems.

Chemical Oceanography:

• Marine water composition: Study of the chemical composition of seawater and the chemical changes that occur in it.
• Marine Pollution: Understanding the impact of polluting chemicals on the marine environment and marine life.

Geological Oceanography:

• Ocean floor structure: The study of the topography of the ocean floor and the geological processes that affect it.
• Coastal Geology: Analysis of geological processes that affect coastlines and marine geological formations.

Marine Environmental Science:

• Climate Changes: Study the impact of climate changes on oceans and marine ecosystems.
• Marine Resource Management: Develop strategies to protect and manage marine resources sustainably.

Marine Technology:

• Research tools: Using modern technologies such as satellites, robotic submarines, and sensors to collect and analyze data.
• Technological innovation: developing new technologies to study and explore the marine environment.

Required skills:

• Extensive scientific knowledge: in the fields of biology, chemistry, physics, and geology.
• Research and analytical skills: Ability to design and implement marine studies and analyze data.
• Technical capabilities: to use modern tools and techniques in collecting and analyzing marine data.
• Communication skills: to transfer scientific knowledge and interact with communities and decision makers.

Work fields:

• Scientific research: working in universities and research centers to study oceans and marine ecosystems.
• Government Bodies: Work with environmental and ocean agencies to develop policies and manage marine resources.
• Non-governmental organizations: Participate in programs to protect the marine environment and preserve biodiversity.
• Private companies: Providing consultations in areas such as marine exploration and marine energy.
• Education: Teaching marine sciences in schools and universities.

Importance of marine sciences:

• Marine Environment Protection: Helps develop strategies to protect the marine environment and preserve biodiversity.
• Marine Resource Management: Contributes to managing marine resources sustainably to support the economy and preserve ecosystems.
• Understanding climate change: Helps understand the impact of climate change on oceans and marine ecosystems.
• Sustainable development: Supports the achievement of sustainable development by developing technologies and strategies to improve the management of marine resources.

Marine science applications:

• Environmental research: studying the impact of pollution and climate changes on marine ecosystems and developing strategies to conserve them.
• Marine exploration: Using modern technology to explore the ocean floor and search for marine resources such as oil, gas and minerals.
• Fisheries Management: Develop strategies to manage fisheries sustainably and protect threatened marine species.
• Technological innovation: developing new technologies to study and explore the oceans and improve the management of marine resources.

Marine Science is one of the vital and important fields that contribute to understanding and protecting the marine environment, which makes it a field with great influence in improving the quality of life and achieving sustainable development.