Biology is a science concerned with the study of living organisms and their interaction with their environments. This major covers a wide range of topics including structure, functions, growth, evolution, distribution, classification and species. Biology is considered a basis for understanding life and applying this knowledge in multiple fields such as medicine, agriculture, environment, and biotechnology.

Branches of biology:
Cell Biology:

• The study of the structure, functions, and processes that occur within cells, the basic unit of life.

Genetics:

• The study of genes, heredity, and how genetic traits are transmitted from one generation to another.

Molecular Biology:

• The study of the structure, functions, and interactions between biological molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins.

Ecology:

• The study of interactions between living organisms and their environments, including ecosystems and ecological relationships.

Anatomy:

• Study of the structure of living organisms and the structure of their organs.

Physiology:

• Study of the vital functions of organs and systems in living organisms.

Evolutionary Biology:

• The study of the origin and evolution of living organisms over time.

Microbiology:

• The study of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae.

Marine Biology:

• Study of living organisms in marine and ocean environments.

Behavioral Biology:

• Study the behavior of living organisms and how biological and environmental factors affect them.

Required skills:

• Research skills: the ability to design and conduct experiments and analyze results.
• Technical knowledge: Using modern tools and techniques in studying living organisms.
• Data Analysis: The ability to analyze and interpret biological data.
• Communication skills: the ability to write scientific reports and publish research.

Work fields:

• Scientific research: Working in universities and research centers to conduct biological studies and develop solutions to biological problems.
• Pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries: development of new medicines and technologies.
• Healthcare: Working in hospitals and medical laboratories to diagnose diseases and develop treatments.
• Environment and Conservation: Developing strategies to protect the environment and preserve biodiversity.
• Agriculture: Improving agricultural crops and livestock through scientific methods.
• Education: Teaching biology in schools and universities.

Importance of Biology:

• Understanding Life: Biology helps understand how living organisms work and their relationship with their environments.
• Medical applications: development of new treatments and better understanding of diseases.
• Environmental protection: preserving ecosystems and biodiversity.
• Biotechnology: developing new technologies to improve the quality of life.
• Food security: improving food production and ensuring its safety.

Biology Applications:

• Genetic engineering: modifying genes to improve agricultural crops and developing treatments for genetic diseases.
• Medical research: studying diseases and developing treatments and vaccines.
• Environmental conservation: developing strategies to conserve species and ecosystems.
• Industrial biotechnology: The production of chemicals and industrial materials using living organisms.

Biology is considered one of the vital and important fields that contribute to improving the quality of life and a deeper understanding of nature and biological processes.